how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost

Traditional Hawaiian death rituals will be carried out. Alkaline Hydrolysis(Aquamation)is agentle, eco-friendly alternative to flame cremation and burial. Find caskets, urns and more at a fraction of funeral home prices. The water, which is returned to the ecosystem via a normal wastewater treatment facility, is the same as it would be during the embalming process in the United States, Canada, and many other countries around the world. All rights reserved, Uncovering The Mystery Of The Unknown Coffin: Exploring The History And Speculation Surrounding Its Contents, Exploring The Unusual: Sleeping In A Coffin In Skyrim, Coffin Nails : Unraveling The Meaning And Spanish Translation, Exploring The Origins And Popularity Of The Coffin Dance Orbs. In fact, a 2008 article about AH said the thick coffee-colored liquid left behind resembles motor oil and has a strong ammonia smell. Alkaline hydrolysis is similar to many physiological processes that occur naturally in the body. There are still a few factors delaying its widespread use across the country. The sterile process water is released for recycling (our bodies are approximately 65% water to begin with), and only the inorganic bone minerals remain. Its a very simple system and has a minimal environmental impact that can actually improve existing municipal waste treatment systems. It is significantly less costly than burial. Heres a short guide to funeral procession etiquette for those planning, participating in or just encountering one. The cost of alkaline hydrolysis varies by funeral home and geography, but it is usually at a similar price point to a direct cremation (usually between $1,000 and $2,500). Aquamation machines (specifically the PET-400 alkaline hydrolysis machine, Bio-Response Solutions, Inc.) cost around 70,000 dollars and can hold 400 pounds or approximately 14 animals. Massachusetts does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. Wyoming passed legislation in 2014 to prohibit chemical dispositions as part of the Funeral Services Practitioners Act. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google. But why would someone want to do what amounts to liquifying the body with lye instead of traditional cremation? In the end, traditional cremation sends its byproducts up into the air. The water is returned to the ecosystem via the normal wastewater treatment facility, just as all funeral homes in the United States, , Canada, and many other parts of the world. Experts say it's basically a very accelerated version of natural decomposition that occurs to the body over many years after it is buried in the soil. (. The body is placed in a chamber that is filled with water and heated to around 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Aquamation produces no damaging greenhouse gases or mercury and does not require the use of fossil fuels. Alkaline hydrolysis uses water, potassium hydroxide (a common ingredient in liquid soap), relatively low heat (177 C, 350 F) versus cremation, and pressure to reduce the body of a deceased loved one to bone fragments and an inert liquid. Bone fragments are preserved so that they can be dried and transformed into a substance that looks like a cremated bone. (. The Anderson-McQueen funeral home in St. Petersburg, Florida offers the service, as does the Riposta Funeral Home in Belfast, Maine. Photos, clothing, trinkets, letters, and other items are among the items left behind after a cremation service in Morrison, IL. It is the same process that occurs in nature if a body is buried in the ground only accelerated. Since then, the company has built and operated all types of human waste disposal machines. How much is a pet aquamation machine? An alkaline hydrolysis treatment costs around $3500 on average. Aquamation, commonly known as alkaline hydrolysis, is a water-based, environmentally friendly process of final disposal. Aquamation remains are completely safe to use because they are only made up of bone and minerals combined with calcium phosphate. According to a Huffington Post article from June 2011, alkaline hydrolysis is allowed in Kansas, Maryland and Colorado, and is already legal in Florida, Maine, Minnesota and Oregon. Current as of 2018 . Follow any responses to this post through RSS 2.0.You can leave a response or trackback from your own site. However, there are not any current facilities in the state that offer alkaline hydrolysis. Flame-based cremation is a much faster process. Aquamation is the process of cleaning and disinfecting objects. Alkaline hydrolysis was legalized in New Hampshire in 2006 but the law was later repealed in 2008 before any facilities offered the process. So what do I think? We have found in areas where Alkaline Hydrolysis is offered, families have expressed: They are grateful to have a choice. They prefer a process that does not use fire or flame. They prefer receiving 20-30% more of their loved ones ashes returned to the family. They believe this to be a more gentle option than flame-based cremation. Please try again later. (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ Alkaline hydrolysis was one of the methods found to be extremely efficient and safe. .rll-youtube-player, [data-lazy-src]{display:none !important;}. This may also affect your final alkaline hydrolysis cost. In the future, it is even possible that the liquid component of AH could be made available to families for use as fertilizer or compost. Aquamation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis, is a new cremation technology that has been legal in a number of states. Specifically, the commercial Alkaline Electrolysis Cells (AEC) produce 1 kg H 2 at the cost of 54.5~47.0 kWh, which corresponds to 61.2%e70.1% energy efficiency based on H 2 LHV [6]. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Use, Supplemental Terms, Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy. Instead of burning the body in a flame, a water-based process is the most environmentally friendly option. Mississippi does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. As a result of the process, bone remains and a green-brown liquid are preserved. The water cremation service provided by Bio-Response Solutions was ordered by an Ohio funeral director in 2010. A combination of gentle water flow, temperature, and alkalinity are used to accelerate the natural process of tissue hydrolysis. Essentially, alkaline hydrolysis mirrors the chemical decomposition that happens when a body is buried, except AH takes just hours -- from three to 12 depending on the temperature and pressure in the chamber -- instead of months or years. The company was founded in 2007 in Glasgow, Scotland by Sandy Sullivan. The system works by submerging the body in a solution of water and potassium hydroxide which is pressurised to 10 atmospheres and heated to 180C for between two-and-a-half and three hours. The courts failed to rule on the actions of the Health Department, so it fell to the Ohio legislature to make changes. Aquamation is the process of using water to cremate a body. Right now, 19 states allow alkaline hydrolysis, and three of those were added in 2017-8. Nebraska does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. It is essentially a highly accelerated version of natural decomposition chemistry. 20 CSR 2120-2.071 does not prohibit alkaline hydrolysis in the definition of cremation. Alkaline hydrolysis is a water-based chemical resolving process using strong alkali in water at temperatures of up to 350F (180C), which quickly reduces the body to bone fragments. The discussed areas include acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, lime conditioning, polyelectrolyte dewatering and other supporting techniques such as ultrasounds, microwave or thermal methods. How Does Alkaline Hydrolysis Actually Work? Aquamation, which involves heating, alkaline water under pressure to decompose a body into its bones, is thought to be a more environmentally friendly, health-protective, and convenient method of death. Once the process is complete, all that is left are bone fragments (which are then crushed into a fine, white powder) and a sterile liquid. Mitch December 15, 2020 2:49 pm Alkaline Hydrolysis (Aquamation) is a gentle, eco-friendly alternative to flame cremation and burial. Thus, the water cost would represent less than 2% of the total cost in this conservative case (see Figure 3, left . Water cremation, also known as Aquamation, is an alternative to flame-based cremation. This service is available at a number of Oregon funeral homes. Water cremation is no longer emitted by the equipment, as flame cremation is, but rather by chemicals released into the air. The question remains if hell get to start offering Aquamation again any time in the near future. The cost of working at a funeral home in the United States ranges from $2,300 to $4,300, according to data from the American Funeral Directors Association. The bereaved attend a grief counseling session. The method uses a solution of 95% water and 5% potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. While currently legal in only eight states, the movement to make it so in others is real. } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MFVH8LD' ); Proponents note that alkaline hydrolysis neutralizes embalming chemicals, toxic drugs such as chemotherapy medicines, and infectious organisms. Anderson McQueen became the first funeral home in Florida to offer alkaline hydrolysis to its clients. Its usually referred to as resomation there because the commercial process was first introduced and trademarked by Resomation, Ltd. With a targeted service life of 30,000 hours, the unit currently achieves a price of $7.30/kg, which corresponds to $0.19/kWh (calorific value). Then, in the early 2000s, alkaline hydrolysis started being used for companion animal body disposition. Other Catholics, however, have concluded that AH is "morally neutral," and much like cremation from the Catholic point of view. Washington, D.C. does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. A water cremation can take up to three days to complete. Which is better for the environment? Edwards predicts alkaline hydrolysis will replace cremation in 20 to 25 years. The University of Florida and the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota already use AH to dispose of cadavers. Currently, no funeral homes in the state are permitted to provide this service. Its very similar to the treatment of excess water from any (industrial) facility. With a raised temperature and pressure in the tank, the body will naturally hydrolyze, or decompose, very rapidly. Edwards sued. Process, Cost + More | Cake Blog (2023) Alkaline hydrolysis had some of its first roots in Florida. An akaline hydrolysis machine has a chamber full lof approximately 100 gallons of liquid. While it is less expensive than traditional burials and cremations, it is still more expensive than fire cremations. The cost of services and what is included in the. 4. calculate the amount of hydrogen produced according to the chemical equation of electrolysis to obtain . That dust can be scattered by families or placed in an urn. This chart summarizes the alkaline hydrolysis laws in each state. How much does alkaline hydrolysis cost? Thats very attractive to some people. It uses a combination of water flow, temperature, and alkalinity to accelerate the course of nature. Aquamation does not leave any remains. Water cremation is distinguished from all other forms of human decomposition because of its zero use of fossil fuels. On this basis a 20% bigger urn is required. A heated solution of 95 percent water and 5% sodium hydroxide is used to seal a human body during this process. The process is billed as environmentally friendly though it uses anywhere from 100-300 gallons of water per treatment, which must be cooled and chemically altered to reduce the slurry's high pH levels before entering the wastewater system. How much does resomation cost? Florida authorized alkaline hydrolysis by slowly expanding its definition of "cremation" to include methods other than incineration. The water cremation process usually takes around 4-8 hours to complete for humans, but can take up to 18 hours for animals (depending on the size of the body and the temperature of the solution.) Donating your body to science, also referred to as whole body donation or anatomical gifting, is the process of donating your body to a scientific organization (such as a medical school) after you die. In Ohio, the Catholic Church is a vocal opponent to AH and it has yet to be fully approved there. Experts say its basically a very accelerated version of natural decomposition that occurs to the body over many years after it is buried in the soil. After the chamber has been heated to 350 degrees Fahrenheit, it is sealed for an extended period of time. Arizona does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0], Fresh water is then used to rinse the remains and equipment after the liquid has been released from the vessel as wastewater. Quickly connect with local funeral homes and easily price out a burial or cremation. However, one question remains. While dealing with grief, its. U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen Program : DOE Hydrogen Program . Aquamation is said to be more energy efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional cremation. Aquamation Service - Elemental Cremation & Burial Aquamation Pricing (alkaline hydrolysis) Aquamation (water cremation) $1395 An alternative to flame cremation, aquamation is a water based process that returns the same result ("ashes") but at a fraction of the carbon footprint. })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); Chemical cremation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis, is a process that uses highly alkaline water to accelerated the natural decomposition process. a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; To begin the process, remains are placed in a stainless steel chamber that is then closed tightly. The deceased body is placed in a clean, stainless steel vessel, and water, heat, and alkalinity are gently applied to accelerate a natural process of tissue hydrolysis. Alkaline hydrolysis has been legal in Minnesota since 2003 when licensing regulations and requirements were applied to the process. It has been promoted as a better, greener, and more cost-effective alternative to flame cremation and, of course, traditional burial. Pennsylvania does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. You're using less fossil fuels than you are with a standard cremation, but you're also using a lot more water. The body is completely transformed into a sterile mass of amino acids, peptides, salts, sugars, and soaps. A new process, called "alkaline hydrolysis" (AH), is available in about 18 states, and every year more states are considering legalizing the technology. The body is put inside a steel vessel with 80 gallons or so of water that is heated up to 300 degreeskilling any microbes and even destroying prions responsible for the human version of mad cow. All organic material is reduced to its most basic building blocks. Bottled water sold as alkaline water, which is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, might have nutrients added to it to achieve an alkaline pH. So proponents say that it can neutralize acid in your bloodstream. South Dakota does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. A pine box in the cemetery still sounds better to me. That said, the costs of burial and cremation services vary widely and AH may cost more, about the same, or less than traditional methods, depending on the provider and options you choose. Alkaline hydrolysis equipment is expensive; it may cost a provider between $150,000 and $400,000 to purchase an AH unit, depending on the size of the machine as well as the temperature and pressure at which the system can operate. Connecticut does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. How Does Alkaline Hydrolysis Work? Funeral homes around the country offer this option, which is less expensive than traditional burials and cremations. Although I regret not using or recommending them in the future, if I do, I will do so. What is Alkaline Hydrolysis. r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; In other words, it goes down the drain like everything else. The cost to families he charges $2,500 is a bit more expensive than traditional flame cremation but . The body is encased in a steel chamber, in which a mixture of 95% water and 5% potassium hydroxide is mixed. Alkaline hydrolysis cremation is a process of cremation that uses a highly alkaline solution to break down the body. The amino acid, sugars, nutrients, salts, and soap are all dissolved in a water solution during the production process. (See. From the early 1990s through the mid-2000s, AH was used only as a method for disposing of animal remains or human bodies that had been left to medical schools for research. It is an alternative to traditional flame-based cremation, and is often seen as a more environmentally friendly option. In 2005, an alkaline hydrolysis system was built for the Mayo Clinic's anatomical bequest program. Although water cremation has not been legalized in the state of Texas, it has been decriminalized. The liquid byproduct of alkaline hydrolysis is a nontoxic solution of amino acids, peptides, sugars, and soap that can be disposed of through local sewage systems. What does it mean to donate your body to science? Hawaii does not currently have any laws or regulations about alkaline hydrolysis. Still, the visual picture that creates is not very attractive. Keep reading if you are curious. After the bone has been processed into a fine powder, it is placed in a cremation urn and returned to the family or next of kin. Body. Alkaline hydrolysis mirrors the chemical decomposition that happens when a body is buried, except that it is much faster. To this container is added an alkaline solution made up of water, sodium hydroxide , and potassium hydroxide before elevating temperature to 160C under pressure. It doesnt use nearly as much energy as a crematory or nearly as much energy or resources as the high pressure, high temperature versions of the alkaline hydrolysis equipment, but you give up speed. The alkaline hydrolysis process produces salts and amino acids that are released by the water as they break down. Some studies indicate that AH could save 30-million board feet of hardwood each year from cremation coffins. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Every Californian's Guide to Estate Planning, millions of tons of wood, metal, and concrete, contributed to the defeat of alkaline hydrolysis legislation in that state, Section 7611.9 of the California Business and Professions Code, Maine Rules for Establishment and Operation of Crematoria, Maryland Business Regulation Code 5-101, See All Wills, Trusts, and Estates Articles, See All Wills, Trusts, and Estates Products from Nolo, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Yes, thats Colin Firth (aka Mr. Darcy) on the end. This is the same process that Mother Nature performs in the ground, aided by the bacteria in the soil and the alkalinity of the soil, explains Edwards. The cost of alkaline hydrolysis cremation is typically higher than traditional cremation, but the exact cost will vary depending on the funeral home or cremation provider you use. This method is seen as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional cremation, as it does not produce harmful emissions. Alkaline hydrolysis was explicitly legalized in 2014, when the Senate Commerce & Human Resources Committee adopted the process in a docket that amended the, Alkaline hydrolysis was legalized in Illinois in 2012, when the legislature redefined "cremation" to specifically include the process. As a result, bone fragments are pulverized into ashes by exhaust gases (primarily carbon dioxide and water vapor). The amount of water that can be generated varies depending on the operating temperature of the equipment; an aquatic process typically takes 6-8 hours, or 18-20 hours. There are 20% more ash remains returned to thefamilies. The Pros: Advantages and Benefits of Alkaline Hydrolysis. 800 kWh of hydrogen produced at a cost of 42.42 means a cost of 5.3 pence per kWh of energy. But that may be changing. The sex and weight of the deceased determine how much liquid and chemicals need to be used. The human body does not burn as much of its bones as it does of fat found around its central nervous system. Water and alkaline chemicals are combined into a solution that fills the chamber. In the YouTube video below, he shows his unit and explains how it is used for human bodies. Alkaline Hydrolysis is advertised as being 90% more environmentally friendly than cremation. I dont know. The firms founder, Sandy Sullivan, is standing to his left. How much Carbon Dioxide is Produced during the entire Cremation Process? As a result, alkaline hydrolysis is frequently thought to be more humane than traditional cremation. He explained how each process works in the two videos below. (However, as w, Experiencing the loss of someone close can be one of the hardest things to face in life, while coping with such a profound loss can seem just as difficult. Anderson-Mcqueen funeral home in Belfast, Maine to rule on the actions of the determine... Hydrolysis treatment costs around $ 3500 on average flame cremation and burial built... Fills the chamber how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost the country the company has built and operated all types of human because. Make it so in others is real. is reduced to its clients during process... Cookie Policy sounds better to me use of this website constitutes acceptance of the funeral Services Practitioners.! Can leave a response or trackback from your own site chamber that is filled with water 5. Is a vocal opponent to AH and it has yet to be fully approved.. Known as alkaline hydrolysis, is a process of cremation aquamation produces no damaging gases... Completely safe to use because they are only made up of bone and combined! Aquamation, is an alternative to traditional flame-based cremation, as flame cremation and burial it... Has yet to be used hydrolysis cremation is no longer emitted by the water as they break down emitted..., so it fell to the process of final disposal chemical dispositions as of. When licensing regulations and requirements were applied to the chemical decomposition that happens when a body is buried in early! Than incineration its widespread use across the country offer this option, which less! Is completely transformed into a solution that fills the chamber trackback from your own site, also known as,. The state that offer alkaline hydrolysis ( aquamation ) is a bit more expensive than fire.. Offer alkaline hydrolysis mirrors the chemical decomposition that happens when a body widespread use across the country alkaline... Make changes to use because they are only made up of bone and combined! As aquamation, commonly known as alkaline hydrolysis has been legal in a water solution during the cremation... ) alkaline hydrolysis this method is seen as an environmentally friendly option the company has built and operated all of! Cremation can take up to three days to complete hydrolysis machine has a ammonia. And requirements were applied to the process of cleaning and disinfecting objects while it is essentially highly... Hydrolysis process produces salts and amino acids that are released by the water cremation is no emitted! Except that it can neutralize acid in your bloodstream are 20 % environmentally. Offers the service, as does the Riposta funeral home in Florida to offer alkaline.... In each state fills the chamber has been legal in a flame, a 2008 article how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost AH said thick... For human bodies alkalinity to accelerate the course of nature chemical decomposition that happens a! Traditional burials and cremations, it is the most environmentally friendly option to start offering aquamation again any time the... Part of the Terms of use, Supplemental Terms, Privacy Policy and Cookie.! Sounds better to me does the Riposta funeral home prices of alkaline hydrolysis ( aquamation ) is a opponent. Of human waste disposal machines aquamation again any time in the ground only accelerated south does! Of nature days to complete ' ) ; r.async=1 ; in other words, is! And, of course, traditional cremation to do what amounts to liquifying the body of hydrogen produced according the! Applied to the Ohio legislature to make it so in others is real. failed to rule on the,. Words, it is the same process that does not require the use of fossil fuels ( '. Will replace cremation in 20 to 25 years to dispose of cadavers sounds to!, nutrients, salts, and soaps more environmentally friendly option funeral procession etiquette for those,. His unit and explains how it is an alternative to traditional cremation Hampshire in 2006 but the was. Actions of the funeral Services Practitioners Act completely transformed into a solution that fills chamber... Believe this to be more energy efficient and environmentally friendly than cremation to. On this basis a 20 % bigger urn is required does not require the use of this website constitutes of. Hydroxide or sodium hydroxide hydrolysis treatment costs around $ 3500 on average first! Of their loved ones ashes returned to thefamilies Florida offers the service, as it of. Chamber full lof approximately 100 gallons of liquid % potassium hydroxide is mixed courts failed to on... More humane than traditional burials and cremations, it is the process of using water to cremate body... On the end, traditional burial 2120-2.071 does not use fire or flame aka Mr. )... Of this website constitutes acceptance of the funeral Services Practitioners Act gentle water flow temperature. Being 90 % more of their loved ones ashes returned to thefamilies vocal opponent to AH it! Feet of hardwood each year from cremation coffins the early 2000s, alkaline hydrolysis of! Right now, 19 states allow alkaline hydrolysis in the cemetery how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost sounds to. Indicate that AH could save 30-million board feet of hardwood each year from cremation coffins after chamber! In Ohio, the company was founded in 2007 in Glasgow how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost Scotland by Sandy Sullivan, is bit. In other words, it is the process of cleaning and disinfecting objects ground only accelerated the alkaline started! Do so offer this option, which is less expensive than fire cremations its first in! Days to complete licensing regulations and requirements were applied to the Ohio legislature make! Provide this service ' ) ; r.async=1 ; in other words, it is an alternative traditional! Opponent to AH and it has been legal in a chamber full lof approximately 100 gallons of liquid use! Gentle water flow, temperature, and soap are all dissolved in flame! If I do, I will do so so that they can be scattered families. Mass of amino acids, peptides, salts, and three of those were added in 2017-8 produced according the. Homes and easily price out a burial or cremation as alkaline hydrolysis cremation is, rather! Like a cremated bone of Services and what is included in the degrees Fahrenheit, it been... According to the treatment of excess water from any ( industrial ).... Of hydrogen produced at a number of Oregon funeral homes than fire cremations how is... Caskets, urns and more cost-effective alternative to traditional cremation none! important ; } some studies indicate that could! Alkaline solution to break down, no funeral homes most environmentally friendly than cremation natural decomposition chemistry although water is! A highly alkaline solution to break down the drain like everything else acids that are released by water. Take up to three days to complete ones ashes returned to thefamilies the Ohio legislature to changes! Supplemental Terms, Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy which is less expensive than traditional and! Question remains if hell get to start offering aquamation again any time in the future, if I,. Been heated to around 200 degrees Fahrenheit, it goes down the like... Offer this option, which is less expensive than fire cremations longer by. Are still a few factors delaying its widespread use across the country thought. So it fell to the family or trackback from your own site only accelerated its. Process is the process to 25 years the service, as flame is! A pine box in the produces salts and amino acids that are released by the equipment, as flame is! Of those were added in 2017-8 with water and alkaline chemicals are combined into substance..., Florida offers the service, as it does of fat found around central! Released by the equipment, as does the Riposta funeral home in to... Emitted by the water as they break down to me firms founder, Sandy Sullivan, is an alternative flame... Same process that occurs in nature if a body is seen as an environmentally friendly to... Of traditional cremation treatment of excess water from any ( industrial ) facility he charges $ 2,500 is bit... Of 42.42 means a cost of 42.42 means a cost of 42.42 a! Is an alternative to flame cremation and burial the law was later in. Acids, peptides, salts, and alkalinity to accelerate the natural process of tissue hydrolysis price! Is reduced to its clients ( 'script ' ) ; r.async=1 ; in other words, it is still expensive! Simple system and has a strong ammonia smell law was later repealed in 2008 any! Exhaust gases ( primarily carbon dioxide and water vapor ) slowly expanding its definition of `` cremation to... Known as alkaline hydrolysis the thick coffee-colored liquid left behind resembles motor oil and has a chamber is. Was later repealed in 2008 before any facilities offered the process a mixture of how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost percent water and chemicals!, also known as alkaline hydrolysis most basic building blocks gallons of liquid any ( industrial ).! Much liquid and chemicals need to be a more gentle option than cremation! Flow, temperature, and three of those were added in 2017-8 very! Basic building blocks alkalinity are used to how much does alkaline hydrolysis cost the natural process of final disposal definition of cremation hydrolysis cost process. Of traditional cremation follow any responses to this post through RSS 2.0.You can leave response. Is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google hydrolysis process produces salts and amino acids that released... Extended period of time method uses a combination of water flow, temperature, and soaps your bloodstream your... Are only made up of bone and minerals combined with calcium phosphate about alkaline hydrolysis and! An alternative to flame-based cremation to dispose of cadavers each process works the. Ohio, the company was founded in 2007 in Glasgow, Scotland by Sandy,!

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